from __future__ import annotations

import typing as t
from functools import wraps

from flask import current_app
from flask import jsonify
from flask import request as flask_request
from flask import Response
from flask.typing import HeadersValue
from flask.typing import ResponseValue as FlaskResponseValue
from marshmallow import Schema
from pydantic import BaseModel

from .helpers import _sentinel
from .schema_adapters import registry
from .schemas import FileSchema
from .types import DecoratedType
from .types import HTTPAuthType
from .types import OpenAPISchemaType
from .types import ResponseReturnValueType
from .types import ResponsesType
from .types import SchemaType
from .views import MethodView

if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication  # noqa: F401

    try:
        from flask_sqlalchemy import extension as sqla_ext  # type: ignore
    except ImportError:
        sqla_ext = None  # type: ignore

    if sqla_ext is not None:
        ResponseValue = t.Union[  # type: ignore
            Schema,
            BaseModel,
            sqla_ext._FSAModel,
            FlaskResponseValue,
        ]
    else:
        ResponseValue = t.Union[  # type: ignore
            Schema,
            BaseModel,
            FlaskResponseValue,
        ]

    ResponseReturnValue = t.Union[
        ResponseValue,
        tuple[ResponseValue, HeadersValue],
        tuple[ResponseValue, int],
        tuple[ResponseValue, int, HeadersValue],
        'WSGIApplication',
    ]

    RouteCallable = t.Union[
        t.Callable[..., ResponseReturnValue],
        t.Callable[..., t.Awaitable[ResponseReturnValue]],
    ]

    T_route = t.TypeVar('T_route', bound=RouteCallable)

BODY_LOCATIONS = ['json', 'files', 'form', 'form_and_files', 'json_or_form']


def _annotate(f: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
    if not hasattr(f, '_spec'):
        f._spec = {}
    for key, value in kwargs.items():
        f._spec[key] = value


def _ensure_sync(f):
    if hasattr(f, '_sync_ensured'):
        return f

    @wraps(f)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        return current_app.ensure_sync(f)(*args, **kwargs)

    wrapper._sync_ensured = True
    return wrapper


class APIScaffold:
    """A base class for [`APIFlask`][apiflask.app.APIFlask] and
    [`APIBlueprint`][apiflask.blueprint.APIBlueprint].

    This class contains the route shortcut decorators (i.e. `get`, `post`, etc.) and
    API-related decorators (i.e. `auth_required`, `input`, `output`, `doc`).

    *Version added: 1.0*
    """

    def _method_route(
        self, method: str, rule: str, options: t.Any
    ) -> t.Callable[[T_route], T_route]:
        if 'methods' in options:
            raise RuntimeError('Use the "route" decorator to use the "methods" argument.')

        def decorator(f):
            if isinstance(f, type(MethodView)):
                raise RuntimeError(
                    'The route shortcuts cannot be used with "MethodView" classes, '
                    'use the "route" decorator instead.'
                )
            return self.route(rule, methods=[method], **options)(f)

        return decorator

    def get(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[T_route], T_route]:
        """Shortcut for `app.route()` or `app.route(methods=['GET'])`."""
        return self._method_route('GET', rule, options)

    def post(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[T_route], T_route]:
        """Shortcut for `app.route(methods=['POST'])`."""
        return self._method_route('POST', rule, options)

    def put(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[T_route], T_route]:
        """Shortcut for `app.route(methods=['PUT'])`."""
        return self._method_route('PUT', rule, options)

    def patch(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[T_route], T_route]:
        """Shortcut for `app.route(methods=['PATCH'])`."""
        return self._method_route('PATCH', rule, options)

    def delete(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[T_route], T_route]:
        """Shortcut for `app.route(methods=['DELETE'])`."""
        return self._method_route('DELETE', rule, options)

    def auth_required(
        self, auth: HTTPAuthType, roles: list | None = None, optional: str | None = None
    ) -> t.Callable[[DecoratedType], DecoratedType]:
        """Protect a view with provided authentication settings.

        > Be sure to put it under the routes decorators (i.e., `app.route`, `app.get`,
        `app.post`, etc.).

        Examples:

        ```python
        from apiflask import APIFlask, HTTPTokenAuth

        app = APIFlask(__name__)
        auth = HTTPTokenAuth()

        @app.get('/')
        @app.auth_required(auth)
        def hello():
            return 'Hello'!
        ```

        Arguments:
            auth: The `auth` object, an instance of
                [`HTTPBasicAuth`][apiflask.security.HTTPBasicAuth]
                or [`HTTPTokenAuth`][apiflask.security.HTTPTokenAuth]
                or [`HTTPAPIKeyAuth`][apiflask.security.HTTPAPIKeyAuth].
            roles: The selected roles to allow to visit this view, accepts a list of role names.
                See [Flask-HTTPAuth's documentation][_role]{target:_blank} for more details.
                [_role]: https://flask-httpauth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#user-roles
            optional: Set to `True` to allow the view to execute even the authentication
                information is not included with the request, in which case the attribute
                `auth.current_user` will be `None`.

        *Version changed: 2.0.0*

        - Remove the deprecated `role` parameter.

        *Version changed: 1.0.0*

        - The `role` parameter is deprecated.

        *Version changed: 0.12.0*

        - Move to `APIFlask` and `APIBlueprint` classes.

        *Version changed: 0.4.0*

        - Add parameter `roles`.
        """

        def decorator(f):
            f = _ensure_sync(f)
            _annotate(f, auth=auth, roles=roles or [])
            return auth.login_required(role=roles, optional=optional)(f)

        return decorator

    def input(
        self,
        schema: SchemaType,
        location: str = 'json',
        arg_name: str | None = None,
        schema_name: str | None = None,
        example: t.Any | None = None,
        examples: dict[str, t.Any] | None = None,
        validation: bool = True,
        **kwargs: t.Any,
    ) -> t.Callable[[DecoratedType], DecoratedType]:
        """Add input settings for view functions.

        If the validation passed, the data will be injected into the view
        function as a keyword argument in the form of `dict` and named `{location}_data`.
        Otherwise, an error response with the detail of the validation result will be
        returned.

        > Be sure to put it under the routes decorators (i.e., `app.route`, `app.get`,
        `app.post`, etc.).

        Examples:

        ```python
        from apiflask import APIFlask

        app = APIFlask(__name__)

        @app.get('/')
        @app.input(PetIn, location='json')
        def hello(json_data):
            print(json_data)
            return 'Hello'!
        ```

        Arguments:
            schema: The marshmallow schema or Pydantic model of the input data.
            location: The location of the input data, one of `'json'` (default),
                `'files'`, `'form'`, `'cookies'`, `'headers'`, `'query'`
                (same as `'querystring'`).
            arg_name: The name of the argument passed to the view function,
                defaults to `{location}_data`.
            schema_name: The schema name for dict schema, only needed when you pass
                a marshmallow schema dict (e.g., `{'name': String(required=True)}`) for `json`
                location.
            example: The example data in dict for request body, you should use either
                `example` or `examples`, not both.
            examples: Multiple examples for request body, you should pass a dict
                that contains multiple examples. Example:

                ```python
                {
                    'example foo': {  # example name
                        'summary': 'an example of foo',  # summary field is optional
                        'value': {'name': 'foo', 'id': 1}  # example value
                    },
                    'example bar': {
                        'summary': 'an example of bar',
                        'value': {'name': 'bar', 'id': 2}
                    },
                }
                ```
            validation: Flag to allow disabling of validation on input. Default to `True`.

        *Version changed: 2.2.2

        - Add parameter `validation` to allow disabling of validation on input.

        *Version changed: 2.0.0*

        - Always pass parsed data to view function as a keyword argument.
          The argument name will be in the form of `{location}_data`.

        *Version changed: 1.0*

        - Ensure only one input body location was used.
        - Add `form_and_files` and `json_or_form` (from webargs) location.
        - Rewrite `files` to act as `form_and_files`.
        - Use correct request content type for `form` and `files`.

        *Version changed: 0.12.0*

        - Move to APIFlask and APIBlueprint classes.

        *Version changed: 0.4.0*

        - Add parameter `examples`.
        """

        def decorator(f):
            f = _ensure_sync(f)

            is_body_location = location in BODY_LOCATIONS
            if is_body_location and hasattr(f, '_spec') and 'body' in f._spec:
                raise RuntimeError(
                    'When using the app.input() decorator, you can only declare one request '
                    'body location (one of "json", "form", "files", "form_and_files", '
                    'and "json_or_form").'
                )

            # Create schema adapter and use the instantiated schema for spec annotation
            # This ensures the marshmallow plugin receives schema instances
            adapter = registry.create_adapter(schema, schema_name=schema_name)
            annotation_schema = adapter.schema

            if location == 'json':
                _annotate(
                    f,
                    body=annotation_schema,
                    body_example=example,
                    body_examples=examples,
                    content_type='application/json',
                )
            elif location == 'form':
                _annotate(
                    f,
                    body=annotation_schema,
                    body_example=example,
                    body_examples=examples,
                    content_type='application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
                )
            elif location in ['files', 'form_and_files']:
                _annotate(
                    f,
                    body=annotation_schema,
                    body_example=example,
                    body_examples=examples,
                    content_type='multipart/form-data',
                )
            elif location == 'json_or_form':
                _annotate(
                    f,
                    body=annotation_schema,
                    body_example=example,
                    body_examples=examples,
                    content_type=['application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'application/json'],
                )
            else:
                if not hasattr(f, '_spec') or f._spec.get('args') is None:
                    _annotate(f, args=[])
                if location in ['path', 'view_args']:
                    _annotate(f, omit_default_path_parameters=True)
                # TODO: Support set example for request parameters
                f._spec['args'].append((annotation_schema, location))

            arg_name_val = arg_name or f'{location}_data'

            # For marshmallow schemas, use the original webargs approach for compatibility
            if adapter.schema_type == 'marshmallow':
                from .schema_adapters.marshmallow import parser

                if not validation:

                    @wraps(f)
                    def wrapper(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any):
                        location_data = parser.load_location_data(
                            schema=annotation_schema, req=flask_request, location=location
                        )
                        kwargs[arg_name_val] = location_data
                        return f(*args, **kwargs)

                    return wrapper

                return parser.use_args(
                    annotation_schema, location=location, arg_name=arg_name_val, **kwargs
                )(f)

            # For other schema types (Pydantic, etc.), use the adapter system
            else:

                @wraps(f)
                def wrapper(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any):
                    location_data = adapter.validate_input(flask_request, location, **kwargs)
                    kwargs[arg_name_val] = location_data
                    return f(*args, **kwargs)

                return wrapper

        return decorator

    def output(
        self,
        schema: SchemaType,
        status_code: int = 200,
        description: str | None = None,
        schema_name: str | None = None,
        example: t.Any | None = None,
        examples: dict[str, t.Any] | None = None,
        links: dict[str, t.Any] | None = None,
        content_type: str | None = 'application/json',
        headers: SchemaType | None = None,
    ) -> t.Callable[[DecoratedType], DecoratedType]:
        """Add output settings for view functions.

        > Be sure to put it under the routes decorators (i.e., `app.route`, `app.get`,
        `app.post`, etc.).

        The decorator will format the return value of your view function with
        provided marshmallow schema. You can return a dict or an object (such
        as a model class instance of ORMs). APIFlask will handle the formatting
        and turn your return value into a JSON response.

        P.S. The output data will not be validated; it's a design choice of marshmallow.
        marshmallow 4.0 may be support the output validation.

        Examples:

        ```python
        from apiflask import APIFlask

        app = APIFlask(__name__)

        @app.get('/')
        @app.output(PetOut)
        def hello():
            return the_dict_or_object_match_petout_schema
        ```

        Arguments:
            schema: The marshmallow schema or Pydantic model of the output data.
            status_code: The status code of the response, defaults to `200`.
            description: The description of the response.
            schema_name: The schema name for dict schema, only needed when you pass
                a schema dict (e.g., `{'name': String()}`).
            example: The example data in dict for response body, you should use either
                `example` or `examples`, not both.
            examples: Multiple examples for response body, you should pass a dict
                that contains multiple examples. Example:

                ```python
                {
                    'example foo': {  # example name
                        'summary': 'an example of foo',  # summary field is optional
                        'value': {'name': 'foo', 'id': 1}  # example value
                    },
                    'example bar': {
                        'summary': 'an example of bar',
                        'value': {'name': 'bar', 'id': 2}
                    },
                }
                ```
            links: The `links` of response. It accepts a dict which maps a link name to
                a link object. Example:

                ```python
                {
                    'getAddressByUserId': {
                        'operationId': 'getUserAddress',
                        'parameters': {
                            'userId': '$request.path.id'
                        }
                    }
                }
                ```

                See the [docs](https://apiflask.com/openapi/#response-links) for more details
                about setting response links.

            content_type: The content/media type of the response. It defaults to `application/json`.
            headers: The schemas of the headers.

        *Version changed: 2.1.0*

        - Add parameter `headers`.

        *Version changed: 2.0.0*

        - Don't change the status code to 204 for EmptySchema.

        *Version changed: 1.3.0*

        - Add parameter `content_type`.

        *Version changed: 0.12.0*

        - Move to APIFlask and APIBlueprint classes.

        *Version changed: 0.10.0*

        - Add `links` parameter.

        *Version changed: 0.9.0*

        - Add base response customization support.

        *Version changed: 0.6.0*

        - Support decorating async views.

        *Version changed: 0.5.2*

        - Return the `Response` object directly.

        *Version changed: 0.4.0*

        - Add parameter `examples`.
        """
        body_schema_adapter = registry.create_adapter(schema, schema_name=schema_name)
        body_schema = body_schema_adapter.schema

        headers_schema = None
        if headers is not None:
            headers_schema_adapter = registry.create_adapter(headers, schema_name=None)
            headers_schema = headers_schema_adapter.schema

        def decorator(f):
            f = _ensure_sync(f)
            _annotate(
                f,
                response={
                    'schema': body_schema,
                    'schema_adapter_many': body_schema_adapter.many,  # Store the many flag
                    'status_code': status_code,
                    'description': description,
                    'example': example,
                    'examples': examples,
                    'links': links,
                    'content_type': content_type,
                    'headers': headers_schema,
                },
            )

            def _jsonify(
                obj: t.Any,
                many: bool = _sentinel,  # type: ignore
                *args: t.Any,
                **kwargs: t.Any,
            ) -> Response:  # pragma: no cover
                """Serialize output using schema adapters."""
                if isinstance(body_schema, FileSchema):
                    return obj  # type: ignore
                # Handle many parameter
                if many is _sentinel:
                    # Check adapter's many flag first (for list[Model] syntax)
                    # Then check schema's many attribute (for marshmallow compatibility)
                    many = getattr(body_schema_adapter, 'many', False) or getattr(
                        schema, 'many', False
                    )  # type: ignore

                base_schema: OpenAPISchemaType = current_app.config['BASE_RESPONSE_SCHEMA']
                if base_schema is not None and status_code != 204:
                    data_key: str = current_app.config['BASE_RESPONSE_DATA_KEY']

                    if isinstance(obj, dict):
                        if data_key not in obj:
                            raise RuntimeError(
                                f'The data key {data_key!r} is not found in the returned dict.'
                            )
                        # Serialize the data part
                        obj[data_key] = body_schema_adapter.serialize_output(
                            obj[data_key], many=many
                        )
                    else:
                        if not hasattr(obj, data_key):
                            raise RuntimeError(
                                f'The data key {data_key!r} is not found in the returned object.'
                            )
                        # Serialize the data part
                        data_value = getattr(obj, data_key)
                        serialized_data = body_schema_adapter.serialize_output(
                            data_value, many=many
                        )
                        setattr(obj, data_key, serialized_data)

                    base_schema_adapter = registry.create_adapter(base_schema)
                    data = base_schema_adapter.serialize_output(obj)  # type: ignore
                else:
                    data = body_schema_adapter.serialize_output(obj, many=many)  # type: ignore
                return jsonify(data, *args, **kwargs)

            @wraps(f)
            def _response(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> ResponseReturnValueType:
                rv = f(*args, **kwargs)
                if isinstance(rv, Response):
                    return rv
                if not isinstance(rv, tuple):
                    return _jsonify(rv), status_code
                json = _jsonify(rv[0])
                if len(rv) == 2:
                    rv = (json, rv[1]) if isinstance(rv[1], int) else (json, status_code, rv[1])
                elif len(rv) >= 3:
                    rv = (json, rv[1], rv[2])
                else:
                    rv = (json, status_code)
                return rv  # type: ignore

            return _response

        return decorator

    def doc(
        self,
        summary: str | None = None,
        description: str | None = None,
        tags: list[str] | None = None,
        responses: ResponsesType | None = None,
        deprecated: bool | None = None,
        hide: bool | None = None,
        operation_id: str | None = None,
        security: str | list[str | dict[str, list]] | None = None,
        extensions: dict[str, t.Any] | None = None,
    ) -> t.Callable[[DecoratedType], DecoratedType]:
        """Set up the OpenAPI Spec for view functions.

        > Be sure to put it under the routes decorators (i.e., `app.route`, `app.get`,
        `app.post`, etc.).

        Examples:

        ```python
        from apiflask import APIFlask

        app = APIFlask(__name__)

        @app.get('/')
        @app.doc(summary='Say hello', tags=['Foo'])
        def hello():
            return 'Hello'
        ```

        Arguments:
            summary: The summary of this endpoint. If not set, the name of the view function
                will be used. If your view function is named with `get_pet`, then the summary
                will be "Get Pet". If the view function has a docstring, then the first
                line of the docstring will be used. The precedence will be:

                ```
                @app.doc(summary='blah') > the first line of docstring > the view function name
                ```

            description: The description of this endpoint. If not set, the lines after the empty
                line of the docstring will be used.
            tags: A list of tag names of this endpoint, map the tags you passed in the `app.tags`
                attribute. If `app.tags` is not set, the blueprint name will be used as tag name.
            responses: The other responses for this view function, accepts a list of status codes
                (`[404, 418]`) or a dict in a format of either `{404: 'Not Found'}` or
                `{404: {'description': 'Not Found', 'content': {'application/json':
                {'schema': FooSchema}}}}`. If a dict is passed and a response with the same status
                code is already present, the existing data will be overwritten.
            deprecated: Flag this endpoint as deprecated in API docs.
            hide: Hide this endpoint in API docs.
            operation_id: The `operationId` of this endpoint. Set config `AUTO_OPERATION_ID` to
                `True` to enable the auto-generating of operationId (in the format of
                `{method}_{endpoint}`).
            security: The `security` used for this endpoint. Match the security info specified in
                the `SECURITY_SCHEMES` configuration. If you don't need specify the scopes, just
                pass a security name (equals to `[{'foo': []}]`) or a list of security names (equals
                to `[{'foo': []}, {'bar': []}]`).
            extensions: The spec extensions of this endpoint (OpenAPI operation object). The fields
                in this extensions dict should start with "x-" prefix. See more details in the
                [Specification Extensions](https://spec.openapis.org/oas/v3.1.0#specification-extensions)
                chapter of OpenAPI docs.

        *Version changed: 2.2.0*

        - Add `extensions` parameter to support setting spec extensions.

        *Version changed: 2.0.0*

        - Remove the deprecated `tag` parameter.
        - Expand `responses` to support additional structure and parameters.

        *Version changed: 1.0*

        - Add `security` parameter to support customizing security info.
        - The `role` parameter is deprecated.

        *Version changed: 0.12.0*

        - Move to `APIFlask` and `APIBlueprint` classes.

        *Version changed: 0.10.0*

        - Add parameter `operation_id`.

        *Version changed: 0.5.0*

        - Change the default value of parameters `hide` and `deprecated` from `False` to `None`.

        *Version changed: 0.4.0*

        - Add parameter `tag`.

        *Version changed: 0.3.0*

        - Change the default value of `deprecated` from `None` to `False`.
        - Rename parameter `tags` to `tag`.

        *Version added: 0.2.0*
        """

        def decorator(f):
            f = _ensure_sync(f)
            _annotate(
                f,
                summary=summary,
                description=description,
                tags=tags,
                responses=responses,
                deprecated=deprecated,
                hide=hide,
                operation_id=operation_id,
                security=security,
                extensions=extensions,
            )
            return f

        return decorator
